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Timeline

Every entry in the archive, ordered by event date. Page 37 of 41, showing April 10, 2024 to January 20, 2025. Pages contain 50 entries each; entries for a given date may continue on the next or previous page.

2025 Events (561)

January(31)

Trump signed EO 14166, first order directing DOJ not to enforce TikTok divestment law

President Trump signed Executive Order 14166, "Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act," on January 20, 2025 — the same day he was inaugurated and the statutory deadline for ByteDance to divest TikTok under PAFACA (P.L. 118-50). The order directed the Department of Justice not to enforce the statute and established a non-enforcement period retroactive to January 19, 2025. It was the first of at least four consecutive executive orders suspending enforcement of PAFACA, followed by EO 14258 (April 4, 2025), EO 14310 (June 19, 2025), and a fourth order (September 16, 2025).

Acting DHS Secretary Huffman rescinded 'sensitive locations' policy shielding churches, schools, hospitals from ICE enforcement

On January 20, 2025, Acting DHS Secretary Benjamine C. Huffman signed a memo rescinding DHS's October 2021 "Guidelines for Enforcement Actions in or Near Protected Areas," eliminating the requirement that ICE and CBP officers obtain headquarters pre-approval before conducting immigration enforcement at schools, hospitals, and churches. The memo, issued from DHS headquarters in Washington, D.C., replaced that requirement with unstructured officer discretion, stating it was "not necessary...to create bright line rules" on where enforcement could occur. ICE issued follow-up implementation guidance on January 31, 2025.

Trump signed EO 14151 eliminating all DEI offices, programs, and equity-related grants across the executive branch

On January 20, 2025, President Trump signed Executive Order 14151, "Ending Radical and Wasteful Government DEI Programs and Preferencing," directing all executive agencies to terminate their diversity, equity, and inclusion offices, positions, equity action plans, and related grants and contracts within 60 days. The order required agencies to place DEI staff on administrative leave pending termination, to report programs "misleadingly relabeled" to evade compliance, and designated OMB, OPM, and the Attorney General to coordinate agency-wide enforcement. A Maryland federal court issued a preliminary injunction against key provisions on February 21, 2025, which the Fourth Circuit vacated on February 6, 2026.

Trump pardons roughly 1,500 January 6 Capitol attack defendants and commutes 14 sentences

On January 20, 2025, his first day back in office, President Donald Trump signed a proclamation granting a "full, complete and unconditional" pardon to roughly 1,500 people convicted of or charged with offenses related to the January 6, 2021, attack on the U.S. Capitol, and commuted the sentences of 14 others to time served. The clemency reached leaders of the Proud Boys and the Oath Keepers — including Enrique Tarrio and Stewart Rhodes, both convicted of seditious conspiracy — and defendants convicted of assaulting police. Trump also directed the Justice Department to dismiss the remaining pending Capitol-riot prosecutions.

Trump signed EO 14147 directing AG and DNI to review prior-administration enforcement as 'weaponization' and prepare remedial actions

On January 20, 2025, President Trump signed Executive Order 14147, "Ending the Weaponization of the Federal Government," directing the Attorney General to review all DOJ and civil and criminal enforcement activities of the prior four years, identify purported instances of politically-motivated enforcement, and submit a report recommending remedial actions. The order also directed the Director of National Intelligence to conduct a parallel review of all Intelligence Community activities over the same period. The EO served as the originating legal authority cited in subsequent retaliatory actions against law firms, prosecutors, and former officials throughout 2025 and 2026.

Trump signed EO 14152 revoking security clearances of 50 former intelligence officials who signed Hunter Biden laptop letter

On January 20, 2025, President Trump signed Executive Order 14152, "Holding Former Government Officials Accountable for Election Interference and Improper Disclosure of Sensitive Governmental Information," immediately revoking the security clearances of approximately 50 former intelligence officials who in October 2020 signed a public letter asserting that the Hunter Biden laptop story bore hallmarks of a Russian information operation. The order also revoked the clearance of former National Security Advisor John Bolton, citing his 2020 memoir's treatment of sensitive national security information. The Director of National Intelligence was directed to submit a 90-day report recommending further disciplinary actions against the signatories.

Ken Paxton's office diverted state-funded inauguration hotel rooms to major donors, leaving two stays billed to taxpayers

In January 2025, the Texas Office of the Attorney General booked a nonrefundable block of ten hotel rooms costing over $20,000 in state funds for staff attending Trump's inauguration and related Supreme Court arguments in Washington, D.C. When a winter storm kept several employees from traveling, unused rooms were informally reassigned to Paxton donors and allies — including major donors Terry and Jennifer Lacore, Albanian businessman Bashkim Ulaj, and Albanian Republican Party chair Fatmir Mediu — without following proper transfer procedures. At least two guests had their stays billed to the state without payment, and the agency ultimately paid $8,339 for rooms that served private individuals with documented financial or political ties to Paxton.

Eric Trump signed $500 million deal giving UAE-linked investors a 49% stake in Trump family crypto venture World Liberty Financial

Eric Trump signed a $500 million deal on January 16, 2025 -- four days before his father's second inauguration -- giving an investment firm linked to Sheikh Tahnoon bin Zayed Al Nahyan, the UAE's national security adviser and manager of its largest sovereign wealth fund, a 49% stake in World Liberty Financial, the Trump family's cryptocurrency venture. The Wall Street Journal first reported the previously undisclosed deal on February 1, 2026; of the payment, $187 million went to Trump family entities and at least $31 million to entities tied to Steve Witkoff, Trump's Middle East envoy and a WLFI co-founder. Two senior officers at Tahnoon-backed companies joined WLFI's board as part of the agreement.

Federal grand jury indicted former Oakland Mayor Sheng Thao on bribery and corruption charges

On January 9, 2025, a federal grand jury indicted then-Oakland Mayor Sheng Thao, her partner Andre Jones, and recycling-company executives David Trung Duong and Andy Hung Duong on eight counts including bribery, conspiracy, and honest-services fraud. The indictment, unsealed January 17, 2025, alleges Thao promised official mayoral actions in exchange for a $75,000 negative-mailer campaign against her opponents and $95,000 in no-show-job payments to Jones.

Ohio Gov. DeWine signed HB8, barring K-3 gender-identity instruction and requiring schools to report students' well-being changes to parents

On January 8, 2025, Ohio Gov. Mike DeWine signed House Bill 8, the "Parents' Bill of Rights," which the General Assembly had passed during the lame-duck session on December 18, 2024. The law prohibits "sexuality content," defined to include "gender ideology," in kindergarten-through-third-grade classroom instruction and requires advance parental notice with an opt-out for such material in other grades. It also directs school personnel to notify a parent of any change in a student's counseling, monitoring, or health-and-well-being services and bars staff from encouraging a student to withhold that information from a parent.

Oklahoma House adopted a chamber rule restricting a women's restroom to people 'born as a biological female'

On January 7, 2025, the Oklahoma House of Representatives adopted its chamber rules for the 2025-26 legislature (HR1002), including a provision restricting a women's restroom near the House floor to "a person born as a biological female." Sponsor Rep. Molly Jenkins described the rule as precautionary against transgender women using the restroom, echoing Congress's recent restriction on transgender women using certain U.S. Capitol restrooms. A violation can result in censure, including the loss of a member's voting rights on legislation.

2024 Events (57)

December(4)

San Diego County sheriff's deputies ignored Bobby Ray Patton's pleas for help during Vista jail safety checks; he died hours later

Bobby Ray Patton, 46, died December 28, 2024, at the Vista Detention Facility in Vista, California, after two San Diego County sheriff's deputies conducted routine safety checks but failed to respond as he audibly pleaded for medical help. Body-worn camera footage showed Deputy 3 turning away and switching off his camera after Patton said "I can't breathe" and "please help me"; Deputy 1 passed his cell less than an hour later while Patton was audibly moaning and also did not intervene. Patton died at 8:45 a.m. after a third deputy finally summoned medical staff around 7:51 a.m., too late to save him.

Montana Senate President Jason Ellsworth steered no-bid state contract to close associate

In the final days of December 2024, Montana Senate President Jason Ellsworth (R-Hamilton) signed a $170,100 no-bid contract for legislative bill-tracking services with Agile Analytics, a company owned by his longtime friend and former business partner Bryce Eggleston, splitting the payment into two invoices to evade the state's competitive-bidding threshold. A Montana Legislative Auditor investigation concluded the arrangement "constitute[d] an abuse of his government position."

Congress enacted FY2025 NDAA provision barring TRICARE coverage of gender-affirming care for military dependents under 18

President Joe Biden signed H.R. 5009, the FY2025 National Defense Authorization Act, into law as Public Law 118-159 on December 23, 2024. Section 708, added by House Republican conferees, amends 10 U.S.C. 1079(a) to bar TRICARE from covering "medical interventions for the treatment of gender dysphoria that could result in sterilization" — including hormone therapy and puberty blockers — for TRICARE beneficiaries under 18.

Trump sued The Des Moines Register and pollster Ann Selzer under Iowa consumer-fraud law over an unfavorable pre-election poll

On December 16, 2024, President-elect Donald Trump sued The Des Moines Register, its parent company Gannett, and pollster J. Ann Selzer under the Iowa Consumer Fraud Act, alleging "brazen election interference" over a Selzer poll published days before the November 2024 election that showed Trump trailing Kamala Harris in Iowa; Trump ultimately carried the state by more than 13 points. Press-freedom advocates characterized the suit as a retaliatory action meant to punish and chill unfavorable political polling and news coverage. The case was subsequently litigated across federal and Iowa state court.

November(3)

Ohio Gov. DeWine signed SB 104, requiring K-12 and college facilities be designated by birth sex and barring transgender students

On November 26, 2024, Ohio Gov. Mike DeWine signed Senate Bill 104, which enacted the "Protect All Students Act" requiring K-12 schools and higher-education institutions to designate multi-occupancy restrooms, locker rooms, and overnight accommodations for the exclusive use of one sex assigned at birth. The bathroom-ban language, originally a separate bill, was merged into SB 104 — nominally a bill about the College Credit Plus program — by House floor amendment. The law took effect February 25, 2025.

Indiana AG Rokita issued unauthorized civil investigative demands against Evansville manufacturer, Haitian refugee-support nonprofit

On November 9, 2024, Indiana Attorney General Todd Rokita's office announced it had issued a civil investigative demand (CID) to Berry Global Group (now Amcor) in Evansville seeking extensive records on the company's employment of migrants, followed roughly three weeks later by a substantially similar CID to the Haitian Center of Evansville, a nonprofit serving Haitian immigrants and refugees. Neither CID identified a specific suspect, victim, or incident of labor trafficking.

Hinds County DA Jody Owens accepted at least $115,000 in cash bribes and facilitated payments to Jackson officials

Between October 2023 and May 2024, Hinds County District Attorney Jody Owens orchestrated a scheme in which he accepted at least $115,000 in cash from two undercover FBI agents posing as real estate developers seeking support for a Jackson hotel project, and facilitated more than $80,000 in bribes to city officials, including $50,000 to then-Mayor Chokwe Antar Lumumba's reelection campaign. Owens, Lumumba, and then-Councilman Aaron Banks were federally indicted and arraigned on November 7, 2024, and all three later pleaded guilty to federal conspiracy charges; Owens resigned as district attorney. Sentencing for all three is set for October 15, 2026.

October(3)

Texas AG Paxton sued El Paso physician Dr. Hector Granados over alleged violations of state's transgender-care ban

On October 29, 2024, Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton's office filed a lawsuit against El Paso pediatric endocrinologist Dr. Hector Granados in Kaufman County district court, accusing him of prescribing puberty blockers and hormone therapy to more than 20 minors in violation of Senate Bill 14, the state's ban on gender-affirming care for minors, and of falsifying medical records to conceal the treatments as care for precocious puberty. The suit sought more than $1 million in penalties and revocation of Granados's medical license, and followed a similar suit Paxton's office filed against Dr. May Lau two weeks earlier.

Pima County Sheriff Nanos placed election rival on administrative leave weeks before reelection race

On October 14, 2024, Pima County Sheriff Chris Nanos placed his Republican election opponent, Lt. Heather Lappin, on paid administrative leave weeks before a tight reelection race, citing an unrelated internal matter involving a subordinate's off-duty campaigning. A subsequent county administrative investigation found Nanos used his authority and department resources for political gain against Lappin, who lost the election to Nanos by 481 votes.

Elon Musk's America PAC paid Pennsylvania swing-state voters $47 apiece to sign and refer a political petition ahead of the 2024 election

Ahead of the November 2024 election, Elon Musk's America PAC began offering registered swing-state voters $47 — later raised to $100 — to sign, and to refer others to sign, a petition backing "free speech and the right to bear arms," with Musk promoting the payments as "easy money" on X. The petition targeted voters in Pennsylvania, Georgia, Nevada, Arizona, Michigan, Wisconsin, and North Carolina. Two federal class-action lawsuits later filed in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania allege canvassers and voters were never paid as promised.

September(2)

Florida AHCA, AG officials diverted $10M Medicaid settlement to Hope Florida charity, routed to Uthmeier's PAC to fight 2024 marijuana measure

On September 27, 2024, Florida Agency for Health Care Administration Secretary Jason Weida and then-Chief Deputy Attorney General John Guard, authorized by then-Attorney General Ashley Moody, signed an amended $67 million Medicaid overbilling settlement with Centene Corp. that diverted $10 million owed to taxpayers to the Hope Florida Foundation instead of state coffers. Within 25 days the foundation had granted the money to two nonprofits that funneled $8.5 million into Attorney General James Uthmeier's Keep Florida Clean political committee, which sent $7 million to the Republican Party of Florida and $1.23 million to the Florida Freedom Fund — money spent that fall helping defeat a marijuana-legalization ballot measure. A sealed Florida statewide grand jury presentment, leaked to press in August 2026, found the diversion was "a sophisticated scheme to fund political activities" but recommended no criminal charges.

Bow, N.H. school district banned two parents from campus over anti-trans-athlete protest wristbands

On September 17, 2024, during a Bow High School girls' soccer game, Bow, New Hampshire school officials ordered parents Kyle Fellers and Anthony Foote to remove pink "XX" wristbands worn in silent protest of a transgender athlete's participation, paused the game, and called police to remove those who refused to comply; the district later banned both men from school property and games with no-trespass orders. Superintendent Marcy Kelley testified she viewed the "XX" symbol itself as "anti-trans" and "exclusionary." On August 26, 2026, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit reversed a district court ruling and found the district likely engaged in viewpoint discrimination, holding the protest was passive and non-disruptive and remanding the case.

August(3)

San Diego County sheriff's deputy Jeremiah Flores fractured a handcuffed detainee's spine, then falsified his report

On August 29, 2024, San Diego County Sheriff's Office Deputy Jeremiah Flores shoved a handcuffed, non-resisting pretrial detainee headfirst into the wall of a courthouse holding cell, fracturing the man's spine and causing a head injury that required surgery. Flores rendered no aid, left the injured man on the cell floor for more than two hours, and wrote in his incident report that no force had been used. He was later convicted of federal civil-rights and records-falsification charges and sentenced to 57 months in prison.

St. Johns County officials and operatives mailed counterfeit GOP voter guide to deceive Republican primary voters

On or about August 9, 2024, five people -- St. Johns County Commissioner Sarah Arnold, County Commissioner Christian Whitehurst, St. Augustine Beach Commissioner and then-Mayor Dylan Rumrell, political consultant Briana Jordan, and Jamie Lynn Johnson -- allegedly produced and mailed tens of thousands of counterfeit voter guides to St. Johns County Republican primary voters ahead of the August 20, 2024 primary. The guide copied the St. Johns County GOP's logo and branding and falsely presented itself as the party's official endorsement slate, but promoted a different set of candidates, including Whitehurst and Rumrell themselves, and omitted the funding-source disclaimer required under Florida law. In July 2026, Florida prosecutors filed conspiracy and unauthorized-voter-guide charges against all five, with an added evidence-tampering felony charge against Jordan.

Shelby County, Tenn. deputy misused plate-tracking database to track ex-wife 100+ times; charged with stalking, harassment

On August 8, 2024, the Shelby County Sheriff's Office relieved deputy Thadius Gordon, 38, of duty with pay and he was charged with stalking and harassment after an audit found his ex-wife's license plate had been searched roughly 20 times over a four-day span and more than 100 times in total through a law-enforcement plate-tracking database. Chief Deputy Anthony Buckner confirmed the database access and said the office was reviewing its policies; Gordon's attorney disputed the stalking characterization, saying Gordon's contact concerned her safety rather than surveillance.

July(8)

Penn State Health St. Joseph canceled a non-binary patient's scheduled mastectomy citing Catholic doctrine

On July 23, 2024, administrators at Penn State Health St. Joseph Medical Center in Reading, Pennsylvania contacted EJ Stiles, a 23-year-old non-binary patient, less than 24 hours before a scheduled double mastectomy to cancel the procedure, telling Stiles it was "not in alignment with directives of the Catholic Church." Penn State Health acquired St. Joseph Medical Center in 2015, converting it from a private Catholic facility into part of a public university hospital system, yet the network continued allowing the hospital to enforce Catholic healthcare directives that barred gender-affirming care. Stiles was forced to wait months before obtaining the same surgery at another Penn State Health facility.

New Hampshire enacted HB1205 barring transgender girls from girls' school sports in grades 5-12

On July 19, 2024, New Hampshire Gov. Chris Sununu signed HB1205 (Chapter 228) into law, requiring interscholastic and club athletic teams for grades 5 through 12 to be designated male, female, or coed and barring students of "the male sex" from teams designated for females — a birth-certificate-based eligibility standard that, as written, excludes transgender girls from girls' teams regardless of their gender identity. Eligibility is set by the student's biological sex on a birth certificate issued at or near birth, with other proof required at the family's expense if unavailable. The law creates private rights of action against schools and athletic associations that fail to comply and took effect August 18, 2024.

New Hampshire enacted HB619 barring genital gender-reassignment surgery on minors

On July 19, 2024, New Hampshire Gov. Chris Sununu signed HB619 (Chapter 213) into law, barring physicians from performing genital gender-reassignment surgery on anyone under 18 in the state and prohibiting referrals to out-of-state providers for the same procedures. The law classifies violations as unprofessional conduct subject to medical-board discipline and creates a private right of action allowing an affected minor or their parent to sue the treating physician, with carve-outs for reconstructive procedures, disorders of sex development, and male circumcision. It took effect January 1, 2025.

New Hampshire Gov. Sununu signed HB 1312, mandating LGBTQ+ curriculum notice and parental disclosure of students' gender identity

On July 19, 2024, New Hampshire Gov. Chris Sununu signed HB 1312 into law, amending RSA 186:11 to require school districts to give parents at least two weeks' written notice, with an opt-out, before teaching any curriculum covering sexual orientation, gender, gender identity, or gender expression. The law also bars districts from any policy that lets staff withhold from a parent information about a student's gender identity or health, effectively compelling disclosure regardless of the student's wishes. The Republican-controlled New Hampshire General Court had passed the measure in narrow, party-line votes earlier that year.

SFPD officer smashed driver's car window, pepper-sprayed him during 2024 stop based on license-plate error

On July 4, 2024, San Francisco police officers Vinesh Govindbhai and Jonathan Zepeda stopped driver Matthew Ludwig at a red light on O'Farrell Street after entering a Toyota's license plate number instead of his Honda Accord's and wrongly concluding his car was stolen; Govindbhai smashed Ludwig's window with a baton, the officers pulled him to the pavement, and pepper-sprayed him in the face at a distance violating department policy, then cited him for reckless driving and resisting arrest even after realizing their mistake. In March 2026, the San Francisco Department of Police Accountability sustained findings that the officers used unnecessary force and issued the citation without cause; the Public Defender's Office made the findings public on August 10, 2026, after Ludwig died in September 2025.

South Carolina enacted a budget proviso barring transgender K-12 students from restrooms matching their gender identity

South Carolina's FY2024-25 General Appropriations Act (H.5100, ratified as R-252) took effect on July 3, 2024, carrying Budget Proviso 1.120, which requires all K-12 public school districts to designate multi-occupancy restrooms, locker rooms, changing facilities, and overnight sleeping quarters for use by students of one biological sex only. The proviso withholds 25 percent of a district's state operating funds for a violation. Gov. Henry McMaster issued 21 line-item vetoes to the budget that day on unrelated appropriations, leaving Proviso 1.120 untouched and in force for the 2024-25 school year.

Florida Department of Education pressured science-textbook publishers to soften or remove climate-change content for 2024 state approval

During Florida's 2024 science-textbook review cycle, the Florida Department of Education directed three publishers -- Savvas Learning, McGraw Hill, and Cengage -- to soften or remove accurate climate-change content from science textbooks as a condition of state approval, including replacing a mortality statistic with vaguer language and cutting references to renewable energy and legislative climate action. A July 2, 2024 email from a McGraw Hill vice president to FDOE's instructional materials office documents the specific changes department officials requested. Textbooks touching climate content were adopted by the state at less than half the rate of other science subjects reviewed that cycle.

Biden administration began funding Panama's deportation of US-bound migrants

The Biden administration signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Panama on July 1, 2024, under which the U.S. State Department and DHS fund and help run Panama's own deportation flights for migrants transiting toward the United States through the Darién Gap. The Congressional Hispanic and Black Caucuses had urged the administration to halt the funding before it was finalized, warning Panama's asylum system lacked the capacity to screen people — particularly Venezuelans and Haitians fleeing persecution — before returning them to danger.

June(5)

Utah Gov. Cox signed HCR301, invoking the state Sovereignty Act to bar officers from enforcing federal Title IX transgender protections

On June 21, 2024, Utah Gov. Spencer Cox signed House Concurrent Resolution 301, which the Legislature had passed two days earlier during a special session. The resolution invoked the newly enacted Utah Constitutional Sovereignty Act to direct state officers, elected officials, and public and higher-education employees not to enforce the U.S. Department of Education's 2024 Title IX regulations extending protections to transgender and pregnant students where they conflict with Utah law. It was the first use of the Sovereignty Act mechanism.

Louisiana Gov. Jeff Landry signed the 'Given Name Act' restricting school use of students' chosen names and pronouns

On June 19, 2024, Louisiana Gov. Jeff Landry signed House Bill 121, the "Given Name Act" (Act 680), into law, barring public school governing authorities from adopting policies that require staff or students to use a name or pronoun for a student that is inconsistent with the student's legal name or biological sex -- a standard that, as applied, bars staff from using a transgender student's chosen name or pronouns. The law, sponsored by Rep. Raymond Crews, bars discipline of any employee or student who declines to use a chosen name or pronoun and creates a private civil cause of action for violations. It took effect August 1, 2024.

Louisiana Gov. Jeff Landry signed HB122, barring K-12 teachers from discussing sexual orientation or gender identity with students

On June 19, 2024, Louisiana Gov. Jeff Landry signed HB122, by Rep. Dodie Horton, into law as Act 681, prohibiting public K-12 teachers, employees, and other presenters from discussing sexual orientation or gender identity with students in any classroom instruction or extracurricular activity that deviates from state-approved content standards, and from discussing their own sexual orientation or gender identity with students at all. The bill passed the House 69-28 and the Senate 28-7 and took effect August 1, 2024. An identical measure had been vetoed by then-Gov. John Bel Edwards in 2023.

Louisiana Gov. Jeff Landry signed the Women's Safety and Protection Act, mandating birth-sex facility designation in schools, prisons, and shelters

On June 3, 2024, Louisiana Gov. Jeff Landry signed HB608, the "Women's Safety and Protection Act," into law as Act 436, defining "sex" in state law strictly as biological sex "as observed or clinically verified at birth" and specifying that gender identity does not apply across all state law and agency rules. The act requires public schools, correctional and juvenile-detention facilities, and domestic-violence shelters to designate multi-occupancy restrooms, changing rooms, and sleeping quarters by biological sex, and creates a private cause of action against non-complying facilities. It passed the House 80-17 and the Senate 29-10 and took effect August 1, 2024.

Tennessee Gov. Bill Lee signed HB2310, imposing civil liability on adults who help minors obtain gender-affirming care

On June 3, 2024, Tennessee Gov. Bill Lee signed HB2310/SB2782, enacted as Public Chapter 1064, creating a civil cause of action against any person who intentionally recruits, harbors, or transports an unemancipated minor within Tennessee for the purpose of obtaining gender-affirming care that the state already bans for minors. The law, effective July 1, 2024, lets a minor or the minor's parents sue such adults for damages, while exempting the minor's own parents or guardians and common transportation carriers. Reported as a first-in-the-nation measure, it extends Tennessee's 2023 ban on gender-affirming care for minors by penalizing third parties who help trans youth access that care.

May(8)

Oklahoma Gov. Stitt signed HB 1449, writing a binary biological-sex definition into state law and excluding gender identity from recognition

On May 31, 2024, Oklahoma Gov. Kevin Stitt signed House Bill 1449, the "Women's Bill of Rights," enacted by the Oklahoma Legislature. The law writes binary definitions of "sex," "male," and "female" into Oklahoma statute based strictly on reproductive biology at birth and excludes gender identity from legal recognition of sex, with the stated purpose of restricting sex-segregated spaces to a person's biological sex. It took effect November 1, 2024.

EEOC opened a pattern-or-practice discrimination investigation into Nike over its diversity programs

On May 24, 2024, the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission issued a charge alleging Nike engaged in a pattern or practice of disparate treatment against white employees, applicants, and training-program participants, opening an investigation into the company's diversity programs. After Nike resisted the agency's document demands through 2025, the EEOC filed a subpoena-enforcement action in federal court in February 2026, which a judge followed with an order for Nike to show cause why the subpoena should not be enforced.

South Carolina Gov. McMaster signed H4624 banning gender-affirming care for minors and requiring schools to out trans students

On May 21, 2024, South Carolina Gov. Henry McMaster signed H4624, the Help Not Harm Act, into law, barring physicians from providing gender-affirming care such as puberty blockers, hormones, and surgery to anyone under 18. The law also prohibits public funds and the state Medicaid program from covering gender transition procedures at any age and requires public school staff to notify a minor's parents if the student discloses that their gender identity differs from their sex assigned at birth. It took effect immediately upon the governor's signature.

Mississippi Gov. Tate Reeves signed SB 2753 requiring birth-sex-based restrooms and housing in public schools and universities

On May 13, 2024, Mississippi Gov. Tate Reeves signed Senate Bill 2753, the "Securing Areas for Females Effectively and Responsibly Act" (SAFER Act), into law. The measure requires public schools, community colleges, and universities to designate restrooms, changing facilities, and student housing by sex "determined solely by a birth" and codifies statewide definitions of "male" and "female" fixed at birth, creating a private civil cause of action to enforce it. Sponsored by Sen. Josh Harkins and passed by the Mississippi Legislature, the law took effect immediately.

Iowa Gov. Reynolds signed SF2435 banning DEI offices at public universities

On May 9, 2024, Iowa Gov. Kim Reynolds signed SF2435, an education-appropriations act whose Division IX bars public universities governed by the state Board of Regents from establishing or staffing diversity, equity, and inclusion offices, requiring DEI statements, or spending any funds to support such offices. The law defines prohibited DEI to reach trainings and programming designed with reference to race, color, ethnicity, gender identity, or sexual orientation, and forbids institutions from taking official positions on contested concepts including "transgender ideology" and "gender theory." Enforcement runs through attorney-general mandamus actions, with the DEI provisions taking effect July 1, 2025.

Shenandoah County, Virginia school board voted to restore Confederate-general names to two public schools

On May 9, 2024, the Shenandoah County School Board in Virginia voted 5-1 to reverse a 2020 decision and restore Confederate-general names to two public schools, renaming Mountain View High School back to Stonewall Jackson High School and Honey Run Elementary back to Ashby Lee Elementary. The Virginia NAACP and the families of affected Black students sued, and a federal judge later found the renaming could not be divorced from racial discrimination and violated students' constitutional and civil rights.

Tennessee Gov. Bill Lee signed SB1810 requiring schools to report students' gender-identity requests to parents

On May 9, 2024, Tennessee Gov. Bill Lee signed SB1810, enacted as Public Chapter 832, amending Title 49 of the Tennessee Code. The law requires a K-12 public school or charter school employee to report a student's request for an accommodation affirming the student's gender identity — such as a different name or pronouns — to a school administrator, who must then report it to the student's parent. It also bars employees from knowingly giving parents false or misleading information about a student's gender identity and creates a private right of action alongside attorney general enforcement against noncompliant schools.

Tennessee Gov. Bill Lee signed SB2766, removing sexual orientation and other named protected classes from the educator code of ethics

On May 1, 2024, Tennessee Gov. Bill Lee signed SB2766 (Public Chapter 780), which amended the K-12 educator code of ethics. The prior statute barred educators from disadvantaging a student on an enumerated list of protected characteristics including sexual orientation, race, sex, and family, social, or cultural background; as enacted, the bill struck that list and substituted a general prohibition on discriminating against a student "on any basis."

April(6)

Tennessee Gov. Bill Lee signed SB 2861, barring state funds for gender-affirming care for inmates

On April 29, 2024, Tennessee Gov. Bill Lee signed SB 2861 (Public Chapter 821), prohibiting the state Department of Correction from using state funds to provide hormone replacement therapy or sex-reassignment surgery to inmates held in a state penitentiary, county jail, or workhouse. The General Assembly had passed the measure, with the Senate voting 24-3 on April 4 and the House 71-20 on April 11. The law took effect immediately upon signing.

Tennessee Gov. Bill Lee signed a law shielding foster and adoptive parents who refuse to affirm a child's LGBTQ identity

On April 17, 2024, Tennessee Gov. Bill Lee signed SB1738, the "Tennessee Foster and Adoptive Parent Protection Act," codified as Public Chapter 677 and effective July 1, 2024. The law bars the Department of Children's Services from requiring foster or adoptive parents to affirm any government policy on sexual orientation or gender identity that conflicts with their religious or moral beliefs, and from denying eligibility or placement on that basis. It passed the Senate 25-6 and the House 73-20.

Idaho Gov. Little signed library-restriction law defining 'homosexuality' as harmful to minors

On April 10, 2024, Idaho Governor Brad Little signed H0710, the "Children's School and Library Protection Act," creating a private cause of action against public and school libraries that fail to relocate materials deemed "harmful to minors" to adults-only sections within 60 days of a complaint. The "harmful to minors" standard the law enforces is defined in Idaho Code to include "homosexuality" as sexual conduct. The law took effect July 1, 2024.