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Trump Administration Third-Country Deportations to Mexico
With no written agreement ever disclosed, the U.S. has deported more people under the third-country program to Mexico than to any other country, per outside human-rights researchers, leaving many — particularly people whose home countries refuse to accept them — stranded without shelter, healthcare, or legal status.
No written agreement has ever been disclosed. Per Human Rights Watch, the US deported almost 13,000 third-country nationals to Mexico between January 20, 2025 and March 9, 2026 — by far the largest volume of any country in the program — leaving many, particularly Cubans whom Cuba refuses to accept, stranded in legal limbo without shelter, healthcare, or a path to status.
2025 Events (1)
United States began mass unwritten third-country deportations to Mexico under Trump
Beginning January 20, 2025, the second Trump administration dramatically expanded a decades-old, never-written practice of deporting third-country nationals to Mexico, sending almost 13,000 people there by March 2026 — by far the largest volume under the program. A March 2026 Justice Department court filing referred to a "standing (unwritten) agreement" with Mexico; neither government has ever published its terms.